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authorDaniel Stenberg <daniel@haxx.se>2015-05-30 11:55:33 +0200
committerDaniel Stenberg <daniel@haxx.se>2015-05-30 11:55:33 +0200
commita8904b39f3c35acc102f67aae16580a04af4cacb (patch)
tree0eb4c6368354195abfe1f7fb80b7434f1a4c36da /lib/README.http2
parent8a7c1c76b310be34b521f12d72558e87f15c7eb5 (diff)
HTTP2: moved docs into docs/ and make it markdown
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-HTTP2 with libcurl
-
- Spec: http://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc7540.txt
-
- Document explaining it: http://daniel.haxx.se/http2/
-
- Build prerequisites
- - nghttp2
- - OpenSSL, NSS, GnutTLS or PolarSSL with a new enough version
-
- nghttp2 (https://github.com/tatsuhiro-t/nghttp2)
-
- libcurl uses this 3rd party library for the low level protocol handling
- parts. The reason for this is that HTTP/2 is much more complex at that layer
- than HTTP/1.1 (which we implement on our own) and that nghttp2 is an already
- existing and well functional library.
-
- We require at least version 1.0.0.
-
- Over an http:// URL
-
- If CURLOPT_HTTP_VERSION is set to CURL_HTTP_VERSION_2_0, libcurl will
- include an upgrade header in the initial request to the host to allow
- upgrading to http2.
-
- Possibly we can later introduce an option that will cause libcurl to fail if
- not possible to upgrade. Possibly we introduce an option that makes libcurl
- use http2 at once over http://
-
- Over an https:// URL
-
- If CURLOPT_HTTP_VERSION is set to CURL_HTTP_VERSION_2_0, libcurl will use
- ALPN (or NPN) to negotiate which protocol to continue with. Possibly
- introduce an option that will cause libcurl to fail if not possible to use
- http2. Consider options to explicitly disable ALPN and/or NPN.
-
- ALPN is the TLS extension that http2 is expected to use. The NPN extension
- is for a similar purpose, was made prior to ALPN and is used for SPDY so
- early http2 servers are implemented using NPN before ALPN support is
- widespread.
-
-SSL libs
-
- The challenge is the ALPN and NPN support and all our different SSL
- backends. You may need a fairly updated SSL library version for it to
- provide the necessary TLS features. Right now we support:
-
- OpenSSL: ALPN and NPN
- NSS: ALPN and NPN
- GnuTLS: ALPN
- PolarSSL: ALPN
-
-Multiplexing
-
- Starting in 7.43.0, libcurl fully supports HTTP/2 multiplexing, which is the
- term for doing multiple independent transfers over the same physical TCP
- connection.
-
- To take advantage of multiplexing, you need to use the multi interface and
- set CURLMOPT_PIPELINING to CURLPIPE_MULTIPLEX. With that bit set, libcurl
- will attempt to re-use existing HTTP/2 connections and just add a new stream
- over that when doing subsequent parallel requests.
-
- While libcurl sets up a connection to a HTTP server there is a period during
- which it doesn't know if it can pipeline or do multiplexing and if you add
- new transfers in that period, libcurl will default to start new connections
- for those transfers. With the new option CURLOPT_PIPEWAIT (added in 7.43.0),
- you can ask that a transfer should rather wait and see in case there's a
- connection for the same host in progress that might end up being possible to
- multiplex on. It favours keeping the number of connections low to the cost
- of slightly longer time to first byte transfered.
-
-Applications
-
- We hide http2's binary nature and convert received http2 traffic to headers
- in HTTP 1.1 style. This allows applications to work unmodified.
-
-curl tool
-
- curl offers the --http2 command line option to enable use of http2
-
-HTTP Alternative Services
-
- Alt-Svc is a suggested extension with a corresponding frame (ALTSVC) in
- http2 that tells the client about an alternative "route" to the same content
- for the same origin server that you get the response from. A browser or
- long-living client can use that hint to create a new connection
- asynchronously. For libcurl, we may introduce a way to bring such clues to
- the applicaton and/or let a subsequent request use the alternate route
- automatically. Spec:
- http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-httpbis-alt-svc-05
-
-TODO:
-
- - Provide API to set priorities / dependencies of individual streams
-
- - Implement "prior-knowledge" HTTP/2 connecitons over clear text so that
- curl can connect with HTTP/2 at once without 1.1+Upgrade.
-